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Ice storm
An ice storm is a type of winter storm characterized by freezing rain, also known as a ''glaze event'' or, in some parts of the United States, as a ''silver thaw''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=AMS Glossary )〕 The U.S. National Weather Service defines an ice storm as a storm which results in the accumulation of at least of ice on exposed surfaces. From 1982 to 1994, ice storms were more common than blizzards and averaged 16 per year. They are not violent storms, but instead commonly perceived as gentle rains occurring at temperatures just below freezing. For this reason people may be unaware of the danger if it happens overnight.
==Formation==
The formation of ice begins with a layer of above-freezing air above a layer of sub-freezing temperatures closer to the surface. Frozen precipitation melts to rain while falling into the warm air layer, and then begins to refreeze in the cold layer below. If the precipitate refreezes while still in the air, it will land on the ground as sleet. Alternatively, the liquid droplets can continue to fall without freezing, passing through the cold air just above the surface. This thin layer of air then cools the rain to a temperature below freezing (). However, the drops themselves do not freeze, a phenomenon called supercooling (or forming "supercooled drops"). When the supercooled drops strike ground or anything else below (e.g. power lines, tree branches, aircraft), a layer of ice accumulates as the cold water drips off, forming a slowly thickening film of ice, hence freezing rain.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher = City of Savannah, Georgia )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Cyclones and Fronts: the definition of freezing rain )〕
While meteorologists can predict when and where an ice storm will occur, some storms still occur with little or no warning.〔 In the United States, most ice storms are in the northeastern part of the country, but damaging storms have occurred farther south. An ice storm in February 1994 resulted in tremendous ice accumulation as far south as Mississippi, and caused reported damage in nine states. More timber was damaged than that caused by Hurricane Camille. An ice storm in eastern Washington in November 1996 directly followed heavy snowfall. The combined weight of the snow and of ice caused widespread damage and was considered the most severe ice storm in the Spokane area since 1940.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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